10 Best Drones For Beginners – Top Rated Drones For 2024

In a world where technology continually pushes the boundaries of what’s possible, the realm of unmanned aerial vehicles has become increasingly accessible to enthusiasts and beginners alike.

Drones, with their ability to capture breathtaking aerial footage and provide a unique perspective on the world, have soared beyond their military origins to become a captivating hobby for many.

If you’re a novice navigating the vast landscape of drones, the choices can be overwhelming.

Fear not! Our comprehensive guide is here to help you embark on your drone journey with confidence.

Today, we’ll delve into the exciting realm of beginner-friendly drones, exploring the key features, functionalities, and considerations that will empower you to make an informed decision.

List of 10 Best Drones For Beginners in 2024

Product	Amazon Customer’s Star Rating	Price
DJI Mini 4 Pro	4.5 out of 5	Amazon
BETAFPV Cetus Pro	3.8 out of 5	Amazon
DJI FPV Combo	4.4 out of 5	Amazon
EXO Scout	4.1 out of 5	Amazon
DJI Mavic Air 2	4.6 out of 5	Amazon
Potensic ATOM SE	4.5 out of 5	Amazon
DJI Avata	4.2 out of 5	Amazon
Autel Robotics EVO Nano+	4.1 out of 5	Amazon
Holy Stone HS720G	4.4 out of 5	Amazon
Force1 U818A	4.0 out of 5	Amazon

10 Best Drones For Beginners – Elevate Your Aerial Adventures

1. DJI Mini‍ 4 Pro – The Best Premium Beginner Drone

The DJI ‌Mini 4‍ Pro is the perfect folding mini-drone for adults who are looking to capture stunning aerial videos.‌

With its 4K‌ HDR video camera, you ​can unleash your ‌creativity‌ and capture breathtaking footage of sunrise, sunset, and night scenes with impressive ‍clarity.⁣

The ⁤videos can be shared instantly without the need‍ for post-cutting, allowing you to enjoy high-quality footage straight out of the camera.

One of the standout ‍features of the DJI Mini 4 Pro is ​its omnidirectional vision sensing, which enhances ⁢safety during ​flights.

With precise detection capabilities in ⁢all directions, you can fly with confidence,‍ knowing ⁣that the drone will better detect obstacles and minimize the risk of collisions. This feature is particularly beneficial for first-time users who may be apprehensive about flying a drone.

Another advantage of ⁤the DJI Mini 4 Pro is ‌its extended battery life, which‌ allows for uninterrupted, longer⁣ flights. Say goodbye to battery anxiety and explore vast ⁣landscapes without any limitations. ‍

The⁢ drone also boasts a​ 20 km max video transmission distance, enabling you to immerse yourself in​ real-time aerial footage like never before.

On the downside, it’s ⁣important to note that the actual product weight may‍ vary due to differences in batch materials and ⁤external factors.

The Mini 4 Pro comes equipped with a 34-minute battery. Additionally, the drone’s weight may exceed the limit of 249g when used with the Intelligent Flight Battery Plus.

Flight durations extend to 47 minutes with the inclusion of a long-lasting battery, yet the added weight surpasses the 250g limit, necessitating a $5 FAA registration fee for drone usage.

It’s crucial to check and strictly​ follow the latest local laws and regulations before flying⁢ to ensure compliance and safety.

Check out the pros and cons of the DJI Mini 4 Pro Drone.

Pros	Cons
Two remote control options	Not cheap by small drone standards
Excellent image quality	Doesn’t include the AirSense transponder
Small, portable design
Omnidirectional vision sensors

2. BETAFPV Cetus Pro – The Best FPV Beginners Kit

The BETAFPV Cetus Pro Brushless Drone is a versatile and user-friendly device, perfect for beginners and experienced pilots alike.

With ⁤its N/S/M 3 Flight Modes, you can choose between Normal, Sport, and Manual modes to adapt to different flight environments and ⁢satisfy your personal needs.

Additionally, each mode supports three different speeds: Slow, Mid, and Fast, giving you the flexibility to control ‍the drone at ⁢your​ desired pace.

One of the standout features of the Cetus Pro is its Altitude Hold Function. This function enables the quadcopter to auto-hover at a current ‍height, allowing you to take your hands off the transmitter while maintaining stability.

Thanks to the accurate and stable positioning provided by the barometer and laser, the Cetus Pro can hover⁢ indoors with ease. (Please note⁣ that the altitude hold function is ​only available in N mode)

Safety is paramount when flying a drone, and ⁣the Cetus Pro has you covered with its‌ self-protection function.

⁢In case of loss of‍ control ⁣or low ‍battery, the drone can perform​ an emergency landing, ensuring no potential ⁢damage. ​

Moreover, if the quadcopter collides strongly with an ‍object, it‍ will automatically disarm and drop to the ground, preventing any further accidents.

Check out the pros and cons of the BetaFPV Cetus Pro Drone.

Pros	Cons
Self-protection function	Not suited to windy conditions
Includes everything to get started with FPV flight	Battery life is short
Extremely durable
The controller can be used with FPV simulators

3. DJI FPV Combo – The Best Drone For First Person View

Setting benchmarks in speed and altitude, the DJI FPV stands as a paragon of velocity in the drone realm.

With a breathtaking maximum speed of 140kph, it surpasses the DJI Mini 3 Pro’s top speed of 57.6kph by over double.

Elevating the thrill further, it boasts the highest takeoff altitude among our selections, soaring to 6000 meters.

Piloting this marvel involves wielding a controller to maneuver the drone, coupled with donning goggles that grant a first-person perspective akin to a VR headset.

Equipped to capture moments in vivid detail, the DJI FPV’s camera elevates the visual experience. Similar to the DJI Mini 3 Pro, it boasts the prowess to capture stunning 4K photos and videos at high frame rates.

However, its prowess is limited to horizontal orientation, lacking the capability for vertical capture.

Flaunting a 120-degree field of view, it excels in capturing expansive shots, surpassing the capabilities of most recommendations on the market.

In the world of FPV drones, the DJI FPV stands tall, albeit larger and heavier than its consumer counterparts.

Despite its imposing size, it offers a modest 20-minute flight time, trailing other consumer options.

Nonetheless, it emerges as an exceptional choice for beginners venturing into the FPV realm, backed by a commendable 4.4-star average rating from over 1,900 Amazon reviewers.

Charging convenience comes in the form of USB-C rechargeable batteries for both the drone and remote controller.

Notably, all captured media is stored on a microSD card (sold separately) housed within the drone, ensuring seamless retrieval.

Check out the pros and cons of the DJI FPV Combo Drone.

Pros	Cons
Includes FPV goggles and remote	Spotter required for legal use in the US
Ready to fly out of the box	Requires experience to pull off complex maneuvers
Smartphones are not required for flight
Android and iOS apps for firmware updates and Find My Drone

4. EXO Scout – Best Drone For Beginners Overall

The EXO Scout is⁣ a remarkable drone that is suitable for both adults and kids.

It‌ comes in a sleek black or​ gold color and includes two batteries and a free carry case, making it perfect for ‍on-the-go adventures.

This drone is equipped with a high-resolution‌ camera that⁤ captures stunning 1080p ​(2K) videos and 6MP (4K) photos, allowing ‍you to capture every⁤ moment with crystal clarity.

Plus, with its tiltable camera and live camera⁣ feed, you can effortlessly capture bird’s eye views ‍for‌ a unique perspective.

One of the standout features of the EXO‍ Scout⁣ is its fast and playful nature.⁣ With⁢ three speed levels, you can experience⁣ thrilling flights that reach up to 15MPH, guaranteeing excitement in every flight.

Whether you are a beginner or an experienced pilot, this drone offers an effortless flight experience. It has a lightning-fast 30-second​ setup, and its ⁣ready-to-fly convenience allows you to unbox and start flying right away.

Additionally,‌ it offers‍ steady hover with no⁢ drift, ensuring a smooth‍ flying⁤ experience.

Another‍ benefit of⁢ the EXO Scout is its lightweight and portable design.

Weighing less than 250 grams, this drone‌ remains hassle-free and‍ easy to carry around. Its foldable design further enhances its ‍portability, allowing you to take it with you on any adventure.

The drone also boasts extensive flight time and safety features, ‌including auto take-off and‍ landing. Moreover, it comes with over 10 intelligent modes that ⁢redefine your flying experience, ​making it suitable for users ‌of all ⁤skill levels.

Check out the pros and cons of the EXO Scout Drone.

Pros	Cons
Foldable design	Limited flight range
Affordable price	Poor battery life
Full 1080p video
Over 10 smart features

5. DJI Mavic‌ Air 2 – The Top Rated Premium Drone

The DJI Mavic Air 2 is an exceptional drone quadcopter that‍ takes power ⁤and portability to the next level.

With its⁢ advanced⁣ features and compact form factor,⁣ it offers⁢ intelligent shooting functions and excellent image quality that allows you ‍to capture aerial masterpieces.

The ​Mavic Air 2‌ features a 48MP camera ⁤with a 1/2-inch CMOS sensor,‍ allowing you to capture impressive photos.

The 3-axis⁣ gimbal ensures‍ steady footage and provides 4K/60fps video capabilities, while the high-performance Quad Bayer image sensor ⁢enables stunning ​HDR video.

One of the standout features of the‌ Mavic⁣ Air 2 is⁤ its improved flight capabilities. With a flight time of up to 34 minutes, you can pull off epic and fast-paced shots without worrying about battery‌ life.

Additionally, the ‍drone is equipped with obstacle sensing in three directions, making it convenient for beginners and enhancing overall flight safety.

The intelligent tracking functions of the Mavic Air⁣ 2 make aerial photography ⁣easier ⁢than ever.

The Spotlight 2.0 keeps the camera locked on a subject while you have the freedom to fly, while ActiveTrack 3.0‍ ensures that your ‍subjects remain centered. The drone also features POI 3.0, which allows you to track moving subjects ⁤such as people and vehicles.

Compatible with a wide range of devices, the DJI ⁣Fly app unlocks the full potential of the Mavic Air 2.

Check out the pros and cons of the DJI Mavic Air 2 Drone.

Pros	Cons
Extraordinary battery life	Slightly Heavier Than Predecessor
Great image and video quality	App-based editing limited to 1080p output
Automated shots
HDR video and Raw imaging

6. Potensic ATOM SE – The Best Cheap Beginner Drone

The Potensic ⁤ATOM SE drone ⁣is the perfect‌ choice for adults looking to explore the world of aerial photography.

With its 4K EIS camera, you can capture stunning 12MP photos and record‍ high-definition 4K 30fps videos.

The exclusive ShakeVanish⁢ technology ensures stable and smooth images, even in challenging conditions, thanks to a 118° FOV and an adjustable⁢ camera ⁣that can be tilted from +20° to -90°.

One of the standout features of this ⁢drone ⁢is its SurgeFly flight control system, which offers three flight modes – Video, Normal,​ and Sport.

This allows both beginners and advanced pilots to have a ‌flexible and easy flight control experience.

The ATOM SE drone is also incredibly lightweight at just 245g, making it easy to carry and fly. Also, it doesn’t require registration for FAA & Remote ID (because this drone is less than 250g).

Its ⁣foldable⁢ design adds to its portability, allowing you to take it ⁢anywhere.

Check out the pros and cons of the Potensic ATOM SE Drone.

Pros	Cons
Lightweight and foldable design	Micro SD‍ card for camera-related firmware updates not included
Long flight time of ⁢up⁤ to 31 ‍minutes	Additional batteries⁤ need to be purchased separately
GPS ​auto-return feature
High-quality 4K EIS camera for crystal clear images and videos

7. DJI Avata – The Best FPV Drone For Video

Flight has never been ⁣easier with the DJI ⁤Motion Controller, allowing for intuitive flight control with just a squeeze of the trigger or a swivel ⁤of the wrist. This innovative controller puts the power and excitement of flying DJI ​Avata in your hands.

Capture ultra-smooth 4K footage with Avata’s upgraded camera system, which eliminates the need for⁤ additional attachments.

With ‍a 1/1.7-inch sensor and a ‍super-wide​ 155° field of view (FOV), you can enjoy stunning imagery with flagship stabilization.

Avata’s palm-sized and ‍agile design makes it portable and perfect for maneuvering through tight spaces and adventurous flights.

Fly boldly and far with Avata’s impressive 18-minute flight time and enhanced safety features.

The built-in propeller ⁣guard allows the drone to handle minor contact⁢ and remain airborne, ensuring uninterrupted flight.

Plus, enjoy a sharp and responsive HD live feed with the⁤ DJI O3+ video transmission, which can reach distances of up to 10 km.

Check out the pros and cons of the DJI Avata Drone.

Pros	Cons
Sharp FPV goggles with diopter adjustment	Requires FAA registration for outdoor flight
Excellent for POV shots	Expensive
Impressive 18-minute flight time
Incredibly easy to fly

8. Autel Robotics EVO Nano+ – Best Starter Drone for Restriction-Free Flight

The⁤ Autel Robotics EVO ⁤Nano+ is a high-quality ⁣camera drone designed specifically for adults.

With its 1/1.28″⁢ CMOS sensor and 50MP, this drone is capable of ‌capturing stunning 4K photos with exceptional detail. ⁣

The RYYB color‌ filter array⁤ combined with a large ⁣aperture⁤ of f/1.9 provides superior ‌noise reduction capabilities, allowing you to⁢ produce high-quality images even‌ in low-light conditions.

One of the standout features of the EVO Nano+ is ⁢its impressive autofocus system. Utilizing PDAF + ⁤CDAF autofocus technology, this drone can ‌track moving subjects ⁢with⁤ incredible precision, ensuring that ⁢you never miss a moment.

Additionally, the HDR mode allows you to capture rich detail from shadows and‍ highlights, regardless of the lighting conditions.

By rapidly snapping several photos at different exposures, the ‌drone can stitch them together​ in post-production, resulting in‌ stunning images.

This drone is not ⁢only technologically advanced but also user-friendly. It comes‍ with the ​Autel‍ Sky app that allows easy drone‍ control and access to ‍various features.

With its one-button takeoff⁢ and landing ‍function, even beginners can effortlessly fly this drone.

The⁢ EVO⁢ Nano+ is also ⁤small and lightweight, weighing just 249 ​grams,‌ making it easy to carry ‌and transport. ‌

Furthermore, it features front, behind,⁣ and bottom sensors that enable obstacle ​detection and avoidance, ensuring safer​ flights.

Check out the pros and cons of the Autel Robotics EVO Nano+ Drone.

Pros	Cons
Superior ⁢noise⁤ reduction capabilities	Cost may be higher compared⁤ to other‌ drones
User-friendly‌ Autel⁣ Sky app	Limited flight time due to smaller size
Portable design
Obstacle avoidance⁤ sensors

9. Holy Stone HS720G – Best Powerful Beginner Drone

The HS720G 4K drone is a remarkable innovation in the world of aerial technology, boasting an impressive flight time of 26 minutes(52 minutes with dual batteries).

This exceptional duration owes itself to the advanced “intelligent battery” design, ensuring uninterrupted flights for enthusiasts and professionals alike.

Embrace boundless exploration without the looming dread of battery drainage, as this drone accompanies you with a flight range extending up to 999 meters.

At the heart of this technological marvel lies a 4K camera capable of capturing stunning visuals at 30 frames per second.

Equipped with electronic image stabilization (EIS), this camera remarkably mitigates shake and blurs, ensuring pristine and captivating footage.

The integration of EIS, a staple in modern high-end drones, contributes significantly to the seamless and superior quality of video outputs.

Despite housing robust components like batteries and motors, this drone’s lightweight construction ensures effortless transportation, accentuating its appeal to on-the-go enthusiasts.

In conclusion, the HS720G 4K drone amalgamates cutting-edge technology with portability and aesthetics, ensuring an unrivaled drone experience that transcends conventional boundaries.

Whether for casual enthusiasts or seasoned professionals, this drone stands as an epitome of innovation and performance.

Check out the pros and cons of the Holy Stone HS720G Drone.

Pros	Cons
Gimbal and electronic stabilization	Limited slow motion
Very impressive flight time	Accessories can be hard to find
Feature-rich and well-priced
Good FPV experience at 1080P resolution

10. Force1 U818A – The Affordable Quadcopter

The Force1 U818A Drone offers an exhilarating experience for drone enthusiasts of all levels.

With its 720p HD camera, users can ascend to new heights and capture breathtaking photos and videos. The included drone remote, equipped with easy directional controls and 1-button stunts, provides a seamless piloting experience.

This feature-packed drone is not only an excellent choice for seasoned flyers but also caters to beginners with its user-friendly functionalities.

Navigating the skies becomes a breeze for novices, thanks to the 1-Key Lift/Land and Headless Mode features. The 6-Axis Gyro ensures stable flights, guaranteeing a smooth and controlled drone operation.

The safety features are commendable, with Auto Return Home, Low Battery Alarm, and Out of Range Alarm, preventing the unfortunate loss of the drone.

The package also contains two rechargeable drone batteries, a power bank, a USB charging cable, an SD card reader, four extra propellers, and a comprehensive user manual.

For any dissatisfaction, the manufacturer stands by their product, promising a full refund – a testament to their confidence in this RC drone’s appeal to adults, kids, and beginners alike.

In conclusion, the Force1 U818A Drone combines advanced technology with user-friendly features, making it an ideal choice for those seeking an immersive and enjoyable drone-flying experience.

Check out the pros and cons of the Force1 U818A Drone.

Pros	Cons
Very affordable	Short battery life
Fast and quick turning	Lightweight construction
Easy to fly

Factors to Consider When Buying Drones for Beginners

As you‌ venture into the exciting world of ⁣drones, it’s important to choose the right⁢ one that suits your ⁢skill level and⁣ needs.

To ensure that you make an informed decision, here are five key factors you should consider before purchasing a drone for beginners:

1. Drone’s⁣ Design and Size

The‌ design and size of the ⁢drone play a crucial role in⁤ its overall performance and ⁣ease of ⁢use for beginners.⁤ Consider the following:

• Compactness: Look for drones that are lightweight and compact, ​as they are generally easier to control and transport.
• Design: Opt for drones with propeller⁣ guards to protect the⁢ rotors and increase safety, ​especially during indoor flights.
• Stability: Choose a drone with built-in stabilization features, such as gyroscopes, to assist with maintaining balance and stability​ during flight.

2. Flight Time and Battery Life

Flight time and battery⁣ life are crucial factors⁣ to consider, as they‌ determine how long you can enjoy your drone before needing to recharge. Here are a few things ‌to keep in mind:

• Flight Time: Determine how long you want to fly your drone per ‍session and choose one that offers a suitable⁤ flight time to meet your needs.
• Battery Life: Consider drones with longer battery life, preferably with ​the option to carry spare batteries for ⁤extended flight sessions.
• Charging Time: Check how‍ long the drone’s batteries take to ⁢charge fully, as shorter charging times mean less waiting time between flights.

3. Camera Quality and‌ Features

If you’re interested ​in aerial photography or videography, it’s essential to assess the camera quality ⁣and features. Take⁤ note of the following:

• Resolution: Check ‌the camera’s resolution, typically measured ⁢in megapixels, to ensure it captures clear and high-quality images or videos.
• Stabilization: Look for drones with gimbal stabilization systems to minimize camera shake, resulting in smoother footage and photos.
• Live Video ‌Streaming: Consider drones that offer live video streaming capabilities, allowing you to view the recording⁣ in‍ real time through a smartphone or remote control.

4. Controller ‌and Flight Modes

Choosing a drone with a user-friendly controller and various flight modes can greatly enhance the beginner’s flying experience. Consider the following:

• Controller Comfort: Look for a controller that feels comfortable to ​hold and operate, as it can greatly affect your control and maneuverability.
• Intuitive Controls: Ensure that the controller​ has intuitive​ controls, making it easier for beginners to learn ⁤and master the basic flight maneuvers.
• Flight Modes: Check if the ⁢drone offers different flight‌ modes such as headless mode,⁢ altitude ⁣hold, ‍or auto hover, which can assist beginners in flying more smoothly and ⁢confidently.

5. Price and Spare Parts‌ Availability

When⁣ purchasing a drone for beginners,‍ it’s crucial to consider the ​cost and ​availability of spare parts or accessories. Keep the following in mind:

• Budget: Set a budget for your drone and consider options⁢ that offer the best value for money within your ‌price range.
• Spare Parts: Determine if spare ⁣parts such as propellers, batteries, or landing ⁢gears are readily available and reasonably priced, in ⁢case replacements are necessary.
• Accessories: Consider⁢ what accessories you may need in the future, such as carrying cases, memory cards, or additional⁤ batteries, and check if they are compatible and easily accessible.

By carefully considering these five factors, you’ll be able to find‍ the ​perfect drone for beginners that suits your needs and sets you on an exciting journey into the world of aerial ⁣exploration and photography.

FAQs About Drones For Beginners

Which drone should I buy for beginners?

For beginners, a great drone to consider is the DJI Mini 4 Pro. It’s user-friendly, has good camera quality, and is relatively easy to fly.

What are the best beginner drone features?

Some of the best features to look for in a beginner drone are:

1. Ease of Use: Intuitive controls and straightforward setup make learning to fly easier.
2. Stability and Hovering: Drones with good stability and reliable hovering capabilities aid in smoother flights, especially for beginners.
3. Safety Features: Features like automatic return-to-home, obstacle avoidance, and low battery warnings enhance safety during flights.
4. Durability: Beginner drones should be sturdy enough to handle minor crashes while you’re learning.
5. Camera Quality (optional): Some beginners might prefer a drone with a decent camera to practice aerial photography or videography.
6. Flight Modes: Beginner-friendly flight modes like altitude hold, headless mode or beginner mode can assist in learning and controlling the drone.
7. Battery Life: Longer flight times per charge allow for more practice without frequent interruptions.
8. Price: Affordability is key for beginners. Finding a drone with good features at a reasonable price is important.
9. Regulatory Compliance: Drones that comply with local regulations and have features like geofencing to prevent flying in restricted areas are beneficial for beginners.

These features can vary across different drone models, but having a combination of these can significantly aid beginners in their learning process.

What is the best drone to buy for under $200?

If you’re looking for a drone under $200, the Holy Stone HS110D is a decent option. It’s a beginner-friendly drone with basic features and a camera.

Do I need a license to fly a drone?

It depends on where you’re flying. In many countries, you need a license for commercial use or if your drone is above a certain weight.

For recreational use within specific weight and altitude limits, a license might not be necessary, but local regulations vary, so it’s wise to check your area’s drone laws.

How do I start learning drones?

To start learning about drones, consider these steps:

1. Research: Familiarize yourself with different drone types, features, and regulations in your area.
2. Get a Beginner Drone: Invest in a simple, easy-to-fly model to practice with.
3. Read the Manual: Understand your drone’s functionalities and how to operate it safely.
4. Practice Flight: Start in open, obstacle-free areas to get comfortable with controls.
5. Learn the Rules: Understand and adhere to local drone regulations for safe and legal flying.
6. Join Communities: Engage with online forums or local drone clubs to learn from experienced pilots.
7. Experiment and Improve: As you gain confidence, try different maneuvers and settings to enhance your skills.

Remember, safety should be a priority when flying drones. Enjoy your learning journey!

How We Test Drones For Beginners

Testing Usability and Performance

When delving into beginner drones, understanding their usability and flight capabilities becomes paramount, paralleling the significance of their camera functionalities.

Our comprehensive testing methodology accords equal weightage to both these facets.

Assessing Flight Performance

To evaluate their flying capabilities, we meticulously examine their stabilization while airborne, responsiveness to commands, and top speed.

Although most beginner drones lack obstacle avoidance features, if present, we rigorously assess their efficiency by navigating them through an obstacle course, gauging their efficacy.

Battery Life and Real-World Performance

Beyond flight dynamics, we meticulously scrutinize the drone’s proclaimed battery life against real-world flight scenarios.

This practical evaluation offers insights into its endurance and durability during extended flights, a crucial aspect for drone enthusiasts.

Unveiling Camera Capabilities

Transitioning to their camera functionalities, we acknowledge the prevalent challenge of small sensors in most beginner drones, particularly in high-contrast settings.

To decipher their performance thresholds, we subject them to diverse lighting conditions, delineating the conditions conducive to obtaining usable footage.

Evaluating Footage and Image Quality

Our evaluation extends to the footage captured at varying frame rates, meticulously scrutinized on a calibrated monitor.

Alongside this, we analyze the drone’s sample still photos, dissecting details, frame-wide sharpness, and handling of high ISO noise to gauge the overall image quality.

Synthesizing Results for Final Verdict

Collating these findings, we amalgamate technical assessments with our comprehensive impressions of the drone’s design, intrinsic features, and its perceived value proposition.

This synthesis culminates in our definitive verdict, providing an informed perspective for potential users.

The amalgamation of these thorough evaluations allows us to deliver a nuanced and holistic understanding of beginner drones, empowering consumers to make informed decisions based on comprehensive insights rather than mere technical specifications.